45. The concept that all accesses must be mediated, protected from unauthorized modification, and verifiable as correct is implemented through what?

Вариант ответа 1 - A. A security model.

Вариант ответа 2 - B. A reference monitor.

Вариант ответа 3 - C. A security kernel.

Вариант ответа 4 - D. A trusted computing base.